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⊙第81篇⊙

自锚式悬索桥挠度理论基础微分方程近似推导
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注意：本论文已在《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2004,36(12):1733-1735发表
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石磊刘春城张哲
(大连理工大学土木水利学院，大连 116024 )

摘要: 基于大位移非线性弹性理论的广义变分原理，考虑了加劲梁轴向压缩应变能的影响，建立了三跨自锚式悬索桥挠度理论下的大位移不完全广义势能泛函，通过约束变分导出了自锚式悬索桥挠度理论下的基础微分方程，得出了自锚式悬索桥挠度理论的基础微分方程近似于弹性理论下的微分方程这一结论．为阐述自锚式悬索桥静力行为提供了理论依据．　
关键词: 自锚式悬索桥挠度理论泛函广义变分

The Basic Differential Equation Deductive of the Self-anchored Suspension Bridge

SHI Lei ,ZHANG Zhe, LIU Chun-cheng
(Institute of Civil & Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology,
Dalian, 116024)

Abstract: Based on the generalized potential energy variational principal of nonlinear elasticity theory with large deflection, the incomplete generalized potential energy function with large deflection is established based on the flexibility theory of three-span self–anchored suspension bridge by considering the effect of axial compressive energy of stiffening girder. By constraint variation, the differential equations under flexibility theory is closed to the elastic theory vibration have been derived. It can provide theoretical basis for the static analysis of self-anchored suspension bridge。
Keywords: Self-Anchored suspension bridge, flexibility theory, functional, generalized variation

⊙第82篇⊙

钉肋肋列传热的最小熵产优化分析
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注意：本论文已在《高校化学工程学报》1999,13(4):309-314发表
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苏亚欣骆仲泱岑可法倪明江
（浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027 ）

摘要: 本文应用热力学的熵产概念对钉肋肋列的传热问题进行了研究，从如何使各种不可逆损失最小着手，分析了肋列的肋间距、肋片的直径、换热介质与热负荷等不同参数对熵产的影响，发现在不同参数条件下，熵产数都会存在一个最小值以及与此对应的最优的Red,opt数，并对顺列和错列两种常用肋片布置方式作了对比。研究结果将有助于节能型钉肋的设计。．　
关键词: 钉肋肋列不可逆损失熵产优化

An analysis on the heat transfer of pin fin array of minimum entropy generation

Yaxin Su Zhongyang Luo Kefa Cen Mingjiang Ni
( Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract: In this paper , the thermodynamic concept of entropy generation is applied to study the heat transfer of an array of pin fins . Beginning with the minimization of variable irreversibility, an analysis is made on the influence of the parameters such as pin spacing , pin diameter, the property of heat transfer fluid, heat duty et al . It’s found that all the dimensionless entropy generation number will have a minimum value under different parameters and a corresponding optimal Reynolds number Red,opt exists. A comparison of an in-line and staggered pin fin array is made . The results will be helpful for the design of pin fins that conserve more available work.
Keywords: pin fin array; irreversibility; entropy generation minimization

⊙第83篇⊙

方形分离器内部两相流场的PDA实验研究
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注意：本论文已在《中国电机工程学报》2001,21(2):42-45发表
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苏亚欣周劲松骆仲泱岑可法
（浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027）

摘要: 应用三维颗粒动态分析仪（3D-PDA）对方形下排气分离器内的气固两相流场进行了测试，得到了几种工况条件下的流场矢量分布。研究发现分离器方腔内的流场偏离其几何中心，并呈中间为强旋流动和边壁附近为弱旋的准自由涡区的特点，且在边角处存在局部小旋涡。不等温流场比等温流场要均匀一些，但旋流强度减弱，分离效率降低。研究结果对于分析分离器的分离机理和结构优化有一定的指导意义。　
关键词: 方形下排气旋风分离器气固两相流 3D-PDA

An experimental study on the gas-solid two-phase flow in a square cyclone separator with downward gas exit by 3D-PDA

SU Yaxin ZHOU Jinsong LUO Zhongyang CEN Kefa
( Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract: Three dimensional Particle Dynamic Analyzer (3D-PDA) was employed to measure the gas-solid two-phase flow in a lab-scale square cyclone separator with downward gas exit under 4 cases of different inlet velocity and particle concentration. The particle used in the test was glass beard of mean diameter 30～40mm. It's found that the center of the flow field deviated from the geometric center of the cyclone. The flow fields showed a feature of Rankine eddy, i.e. strongly swirling region in the central part and pseudo-free eddy region of weak swirling intensity near the cyclone wall. Local vortex existed at the corners where the flow changed its direction sharply. When the cyclone wall was heated and the suspension temperature was elevated, it's found that the flow field became more uniform than that under room-temperature condition. The local vortex at the corners were weakened and the swirling intensity became poorer which led to a decreased total mean separation efficiency from about 81% to 76.5%. The results of this paper provide a further understand of the separation mechanism and guidance for the optimization of the square cyclone separator structure.
Keywords: square cyclone separator with downward; gas exit gas-solid suspension; 3D-PDA

⊙第84篇⊙

循环流化床颗粒团更新传热模型的修正
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注意：本论文已在《动力工程》2001,21(5):1426-1429,1416发表
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苏亚欣骆仲泱岑可法
（浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027）

摘要: 对颗粒团更新传热模型做了修正，引入新的床内流动特性的研究结果，改进了颗粒团覆盖壁面的百分比和颗粒团—壁面之间的气膜厚度的表达式，使之与床的宏观运行参数以及床体、床料的参数相联系，从而避免了前人模型中凭经验来确定一个比例系数的缺陷。对于弥散相和壁面间的辐射传热，考虑到了它们的直接辐射和弥散相辐射到颗粒团、再经颗粒团反射到壁面的传递过程。模型计算结果和有关实验数据的对比吻合较好，说明本文的修正模型是合理的。
　
关键词: 循环流化床传热模型修正

Modification to the CFB Cluster-Renewal Heat Transfer Model

Yaxin Su Zhongyang Luo Kefa Cen
( Institute of Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract: Based on the Cluster Renewal Model of the particle motion in a CFB riser, the authors developed a revised heat transfer model, which introduced the latest research results of the hydrodynamics of the suspension flow in CFB. This model divided the heat transfer into two parts, which are due to the transient heat conduction by the covered clusters and the convection between the uncovered wall and the dispersed phase. Radiation at high temperature was regarded as being additive. The fraction of the covered wall by clusters and the thickness of the gas gap between clusters and wall were revised by a new formula, which is a function of the operating condition and the particle properties. The Radiation between the dispersed phase and the uncovered wall included not only the direct radiation to the uncovered wall, but also the radiation to the clusters and then reflected to the uncovered wall. The model results showed good agreement with the published experimental data, which proved the modification was reasonable.
Keywords: circulating fluidized bed heat transfer model modification

⊙第85篇⊙

方形冷却型分离器内壁面和两相流间的传热理论模型
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注意：本论文已在《中国电机工程学报2001》2001,21（12）:100-104发表
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苏亚欣1 骆仲泱2 岑可法2
（1：东华大学环境科学与工程学院，上海，200051；2：浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027）

摘要: 对方形冷却型分离器内的传热做了实验测试,分析了实验结果,并进一步对其传热模型进行了理论研究，建立了一个计算分离器内壁面的平均传热系数的理论模型。该模型由四部分组成：气相对流传热，颗粒非稳态导热传热，颗粒辐射传热和烟气三原子辐射传热。颗粒和壁面间的导热传热由两部分组成：颗粒—壁面的弹性碰撞接触过程的传热和被壁面捕集的颗粒下落过程和壁面的接触导热传热。模型计算的平均传热系数可以与实验数据吻合。但模型结果受壁面颗粒浓度和颗粒碰撞壁面的速度的影响较大，而目前这两个参数还不能与进口速度和浓度相关联。
　
关键词: 冷却型分离器; 传热模型

A theoretical wall-to-suspension heat transfer model for square-shaped cyclone separator

Yaxin Su1 Zhongyang Luo2 Kefa Cen2
( 1: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051; 2: Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract: Experimental test on the suspension-to-wall heat transfer in a water/stream-cooled square-shaped cyclone separator, which was developed for large compact CFB boilers was conducted and the results were analyzed. Based on the experiment, a theoretical study on the heat transfer model was carried out and a model to calculate the mean heat transfer coefficient was established. The heat transfer model of this paper consists 4 components: gas convection, particle unsteady heat conduction, particle radiation and flue-gas radiation. The particle unsteady heat conduction includes heat conduction during the particle-wall elastic impact and the transient heat conduction of the collected particles when they fall down along the wall surface. The surface-averaged heat transfer coefficient calculated by this model showed good agreement with the experimental data. Model results showed the particle concentration near the wall and the impact velocity of particle-to-wall had much effect on the heat transfer, while these two parameters can not be related to the inlet particle concentration and velocity.
Keywords: square-shaped cyclone separator; heat transfer model

⊙第86篇⊙

方形旋风分离器内气固两相流湍流特性的研究
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注意：本论文已在《热能动力工程》2002,17（2）:147-150发表
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苏亚欣1 岑可法2 骆仲泱2
（1：东华大学环境科学与工程学院，上海，200051；2：浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027）

摘要: 应用三维颗粒动态分析仪（3D-PDA）对方形下排气旋风分离器内气固两相流场进行了实验研究。本文对流场、脉动速度、颗粒浓度、湍动能、湍流强度等的分布做了讨论。方形旋风分离器内的流动具有Rankine涡的特点，即中心部分为强制涡区，边壁附近是准自由涡区。边角处因颗粒/壁面间的相互碰撞引起的准层流运动使得颗粒湍流脉动强烈，湍流动能和局部湍流强度在边角附近取得较大值，表明在这里两相流消耗了气流的能量较多，是造成分离器压力损失的主要区域之一。边角有利于颗粒分离，主要原因是脉动强烈，消耗了颗粒和气流的旋流运动的动能。研究结果为结构优化提供了基础数据，并为今后的数值模拟研究提供了实验对比。
　
关键词: 方形下排气分离器气固两相湍流运动三维颗粒动态分析仪（3D-PDA）

Experimental study on the turbulent characteristics of the gas-solid suspension in a square cyclone separator

Yaxin Su1 Kefa Cen2 Zhongyang Luo2
( 1: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051; 2: Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract:Three-dimensional Particle Dynamics Analyzer was employed to study the gas-solid flow in a square-shaped cyclone separator which was designed for large CFB application. Distribution of flow vector, fluctuating velocity, turbulent kinetic energy ,turbulent intensity and particle concentration were discussed. The swirling flow inside the cyclone showed the Rankine vortex characteristics, i e, strong swirling vortex at the central region of the cross-section and weak swirling quasi-free vortex near the wall. The quasi-laminar motion of particles at the corners due to particle-particle/wall collision enhanced the turbulent movement there, which led to the local peak value of the turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent intensity. The corner is one of the major region to cause pressure drop because the suspension at the corners consumed more energy of the flow. The corners were found to be beneficial to particle separation mainly because the strong fluctuating flow consumed much of the kinetic energy of both the particle and gas.
Keywords: square-shaped cyclone separator; heat transfer model

⊙第87篇⊙

方形旋风分离器内颗粒分布特性的实验研究
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注意：本论文已在《燃烧科学与技术》2002,8(3):199-201发表
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苏亚欣1 骆仲泱2 岑可法2
（1：东华大学环境科学与工程学院，上海，200051；2：浙江大学热能工程研究所，杭州，310027）

摘要: 应用三维颗粒动态分析仪（3D-PDA）对方形旋风分离器内的两相流场进行了测试，得到了颗粒浓度和粒径的分布，在进口高度的截面上，正对着分离器进口的右前角处颗粒的粒径明显大于其他地方的颗粒。在分离器中部的截面上，颗粒粒径分布差别不大，但是在分离器的左前角附近颗粒浓度稍微高一些，而在右前角附近的颗粒浓度较低。颗粒浓度分布的差别和脉动速度的分布正好相反。
　
关键词: 方形旋风分离器；颗粒分布；3D-PDA测试

Experimental Study on the Particle Distribution in a Square Cyclone Separator

SU Yaxin1 LUO Zhongyang2 CEN Kefa2
( 1: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051; 2: Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 )

Abstract:A 3 dimensional particle dynamic analyzer (3D-PDA) was employed to measure the gas-solid suspension flow in a lab-scale square cyclone separator with both downward exhaust exit and solid discharge. The particle concentration and diameter distribution at 2 sections were presented in this paper. At the upper part, e.g., at the section that is half of the inlet height from the separator top, the particle diameter at the front-right corner facing the inlet was found oberviusly larger than those at any other position. The particle diameter showed little difference at the section at the mid-height of the separator, while the particle concentration showed a little higher at the left-front corner and a little lower at the right-front corner. The particle concentration distribution was against particle fluctuating velocity.
Keywords: square cyclone; separator particle distribution; 3D-PDA measurement

⊙第88篇⊙

Proton beam fabrication of nickel stamps for nanoimprint lithography
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注意：本论文已在Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 231 (2005) 407–412发表
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K. Ansari , P.G. Shao(邵培革), J.A. van Kan, A.A. Bettiol, F. Watt
Physics Department, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117542, Singapore

Abstract:Nickel stamps with micro and nano-scale relief features on their surfaces have been fabricated using proton beam writing coupled with nickel sulfamate electroplating. A focused beam of sub-micron 2.0 MeV protons was used to direct-write 3D patterns into spin coated PMMA resist, and a single step nickel sulfamate plating process has been used to produce metallic negatives from these patterns. The fabricated metallic stamps exhibit high aspect ratio surface patterns with smooth and vertical side-walls. Nano-indentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the features on the surface of the stamps indicate a hardness and side-wall roughness of 5 GPa and 7 nm respectively. Using nanoimprint lithography, the stamps fabricated using proton beam writing and electroplating have been successfully used to replicate patterns into PMMA.
Keywords: Nanoimprint lithography; Proton beam writing; Stamps; Electroplating; High aspect ratio

⊙第89篇⊙

Fabrication of a free standing resolution standard for focusing MeV ion beams to sub 30 nm dimensions
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注意：本论文已在Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 231 (2005) 170–175发表
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J.A. van Kan a,*, P.G. Shao(邵培革) a, P. Molter b, M. Saumer b, A.A. Bettiol a,
T. Osipowicz a, F. Watt a
a Centre for Ion Beam Applications, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Dr 3,
Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117542, Singapore
b University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Location Zweibru¨ cken, Department Microsystems Technology,
Amerikastrasse 1, D-66482 Zweibru¨ cken, Germany

Abstract:With recent advances in nuclear microscopy, proton beam writing and the recent development of MeV ion nano probe facilities it is becoming increasingly important to have resolution standards with a high degree of side wall verticality. We present here a way of producing a high quality free standing resolution standards which can be used for high beam current applications like Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS), particle induced X-ray emissions (PIXE), and low beam current applications such as secondary electron emission, scanning transmission ion icroscopy (STIM) and ion beam induced current (IBIC). These standards allow rapid focusing of MeV ion beams for high resolution nuclear microscopy applications as well as proton beam writing, where knowledge of the exact beam size is vital to guarantee reproducibility in writing nanostructures. This new standard has been used to measure a one-dimensional beam pro?le with 1 MeV protons and gave a FWHM of 29.2 nm which is the smallest value reported for MeV protons in STIM mode.
Keywords: Proton beam writing; Direct write; Nuclear microscopy; Resolution standard

⊙第90篇⊙

脉冲工艺在薄膜制备中的应用
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注意：本论文已在《真空科学与技术学报》，2004，24(增)：33-37发表
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赵彦辉林国强董闯闻立时
大连理工大学三束材料改性国家重点实验室辽宁大连 116024

摘要 本文综述了国内外脉冲工艺在电弧离子镀和磁控溅射中的应用。脉冲工艺为电弧离子镀净化大颗粒、增强膜基结合力、改善组织形貌、降低沉积温度等起到了重要作用。电弧或溅射离子镀高的离化率为脉冲工艺提供了最好的应用条件。最后，对脉冲工艺在薄膜制备中的应用前景进行了展望。
关键词 电弧离子镀脉冲工艺低温沉积

ABSTRACT The application of pulse technique on arc ion plating and magnetron sputtering is summarized in the article. Pulse technique plays an important role in providing reduced marcroparticles pollution, enhancing adhesion between film and substrate, improving surface morphology and decreasing deposition temperature. Arc ion plating or magnetron sputtering provides the best application condition for pulse technique. Finally, prospect is given to the application foreground of pulse technique in film deposition.
KEY WORDS arc ion plating, pulse technique, low temperature deposition

⊙第91篇⊙

脉冲偏压对电弧离子镀Ti/TiN纳米多层薄膜显微硬度的影响
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注意：本论文已在《金属学报》，2005，41（10）：1106-1110发表
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赵彦辉1），林国强1, 2），李晓娜1, 2），董闯1），闻立时1, 3）
1）大连理工大学三束材料改性国家重点实验室，大连，116024
2）大连理工大学物理系，大连，116024
3）中国科学院金属研究所，沈阳，110016

摘要 用脉冲偏压电弧离子镀方法在高速钢基体上沉积Ti/TiN纳米多层薄膜，用正交实验法设计脉冲偏压电参数，考察脉冲偏压对Ti/TiN纳米多层薄膜显微硬度的影响。结果表明，在所有偏压参数（脉冲偏压幅值、占空比和频率）和几何参数（调制周期和周期比）中，脉冲偏压幅值是影响显微硬度的最主要因素；当沉积工艺中脉冲偏压幅值为900V、占空比为50%及频率为30 kHz时，薄膜硬度可高达34.1GPa，此时多层膜调制周期为84nm，TiN、Ti单元层厚度分别为71nm和13nm；由于薄膜中的单层厚度较厚，纳米尺寸的强化效应并未充分体现于薄膜硬度的贡献中，硬度的提高主要与脉冲偏压工艺，尤其是脉冲偏压幅值对薄膜组织的改善有关。
关键词：脉冲偏压，电弧离子镀，Ti/TiN纳米多层薄膜，显微硬度

EFFECT OF PULSED BIAS ON MICROHARDNESS OF TI/TIN MULTILAYER FILMS DEPOSITED BY ARC ION PLATING

ZHAO Yanhui 1), LIN Guoqiang 1, 2) , LI Xiaona 1, 2) , DONG Chuang 1) ,WEN Lishi 1, 3)
1) State Key Laboratory for Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024
2) Physics Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024
3) Institute of Metals Research, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016
Correspondent: LIN Guoqiang, professor, Tel: (0411)84708380-8301, Email: gqlin@dlut.edu.cn
Supported by National High Technical Research and Development of Programme of China (2002AA302507)

ABSTRACT Ti/TiN nano-multilayer films were deposited on high-speed-steel (HSS) substrates using arc ion plating, in which orthogonal experiments were used to analyze the effects of the electrical parameters of pulsed bias on microhardness of Ti/TiN multilayer films. The results show that of all the pulsed bias related parameters including pulsed bias magnitude, duty ratio and frequency and the geometry parameters including modulation period and period ratio, pulsed bias magnitude is the major factor affecting microhardness of the multilayer films. The maximum microhardness of 34.1GPa was obtained with pulsed bias magnitude 900V, duty ratio 50% and frequency 30kHz, and the responding modulation period is 84nm, the unit set layer thickness of TiN and Ti are 71nm and 13nm, respectively. Due to the large unit set layer thickness used in the present experiments, the nano-scale strengthening effect is not obviously manifested. The increasing of the microhardness correlates in a significant manner with refining film microstructure resulted from the pulsed bias parameters especially the pulsed bias magnitude.
KEYWORDS pulsed bias, arc ion plating, Ti/TiN nano-multilayer films, microhardness

⊙第92篇⊙

混凝土自锚式悬索桥的设计与力学性能分析
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注意：本论文已在《大连理工大学学报,》2003,43(2):202-206发表
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（EI已经收录本文）
石磊张哲刘春城檀永刚
（大连理工大学桥梁研究所，大连，辽宁，116024）

摘要：大连市金石滩悬索桥全长198m，主桥是24m+60m+24m的自锚式混凝土悬索桥，为中国首座此种类型的桥梁。本文对其结构形式作了介绍。通过计算实例，可以得出弹性理论适合于中小跨度的自锚式悬索桥的设计和计算。不计主梁轴力，结构的其余内力与地锚式悬索桥的差别不是很大，差值在10％以内。拱度和混凝土的收缩、徐变的影响比较明显。与相应的水平加劲梁和不考虑收缩、徐变影响的计算结果比较，差值均在20％以上。分析所得结论对于同类桥梁的设计和研究具有一定的参考价值。
关键词：混凝土悬索桥力学性能自锚式

THE DESIGN AND MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSES OF THE CONCRETE SELF-ANCHORED SUSPENSION BRIDGE

ZHANG Zhe SHI Lei LIU Chun-cheng TAN Yong-gang
(Bridge Institute of Dalian University of Technologe, Liaoning ,Dalian,116024,China)

Abstract: Jinshitan Bridge is the first self-anchored suspension bridge in China. Its total length is 198m,and the length of main span is(24+60+24)m. Some beneficial exploration and research is presented about the structure form 、design theory and internal force characteristics of the Jinshitan Bridge in this paper. Through computing the examples,the variational law of concrete self-anchored suspension bridge’s internal force is analyzed when the camber and the rise-span ratio are changed . And the law of the internal force affected by creep is also analyzed. Some conclusion can be consulted for designing and researching of this type of bridge.
Key words: concrete，suspension bridges，mechanical performance，self-anchored

⊙第93篇⊙

大跨悬索桥非线性随机静力分析
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注意：本论文已在《大连理工大学学报,》2004,44(3):421-424发表
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（EI已经收录本文）
石磊，刘春城，张哲，杜蓬娟
（大连理工大学桥梁研究所, 辽宁大连，116024）

摘要：大跨度悬索桥结构具有显著的几何非线性行为,且存在材料特性、几何尺寸的随机性。先对缆索采用较小抗弯刚度参数的梁单元，对悬索桥进行确定性的几何非线性分析，然后采用响应面法进行非线性随机静力分析；最后针对一座大跨悬索桥，计算了在竖向活载作用下材料、几何尺寸的随机性对主梁跨中位移的影响。结果表明，结构随机性的影响十分明显。
关键词：　悬索桥响应面法几何非线性随机性
中图分类号：U448.27 文献标识码：A

Nonlinear stochastic static analysis of long span suspension bridge

SHI Lei LIU Chun-Cheng ZHANG Zhe DU Peng-Juan
(Department of civil engineering, Dalian university of technology ,Dalian 116024)

Abstract: Geometrical nonlinear behaviors are very significant in long span suspension bridges, and the uncertainties of material, physical dimension etc greatly influence the structural response of suspension bridge. Beam element with small EI is used for the certain analysis of suspension bridge. Based on the Response Surface approach, the non-linearity of suspension bridge is researched in this paper. Finally, the mid-span deflection of a long span suspension bridge under vertical live load is analyzed when the elastic module of cable and hangers are assumed to be random correlated variables. Numerical results show that the randomness has a significant effect on the mid-span deflection.
Key words: Suspension bridge; Response Surface approach; Geometric non-linearity; Random

⊙第94篇⊙

自锚式悬索桥的发展综述
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注意：本论文已在《世界桥梁》2003,1:5-9发表
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张哲,窦鹏,石磊,刘春城
（大连理工大学桥梁研究所, 辽宁大连，116024）

摘要：介绍自锚式悬索桥的特点和在国内外的发展情况,重点介绍我国在钢筋混凝土自锚式悬索桥方面进行的设计与研究工作,并结合国内工程实际评价了该种桥型,采用钢筋混凝土材料的优缺点及其发展空间。
关键词：　悬索桥;自锚体系;综述;实例

⊙第95篇⊙

Experimental Verification of the Physical Model for Droplet-Particles Cleaning in Pulsed Bias Arc Ion Plating
（下载英语论文全文请点击上面的链接）

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 2005,21(3):423-426

Yanhui ZHAO 赵彦辉1)+ , Guoqiang LIN1), Lishi WEN1, 2) and Chuang DONG1)
1)State Key Laboratory for Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron beams, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
2)Institute of Metals Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Abstract:It has been reported that application of pulsed biases in arc ion plating could effectively eliminate droplet particles. The present paper aims at experimental verification of a physical model proposed previously by us which is based on particle charging and repulsion in the pulsed plasma sheath. An orthogonal experiment was designed for this purpose, using the electrical parameters of the pulsed bias for the deposition of TiN films on stainless steel substrates. The effect of these parameters on the amount and the size distribution of the particles were analyzed, and the results provided sufficient evidence for the physical model.
KEY WORDS: Arc ion plating, Pulsed bias, TiN film, Droplet-particles

⊙第96篇⊙

基于NURBS的自由曲面精确拟合方法研究
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注意：本论文已在《机械工程学报》（中文版）,2004,40(3):10-14发表
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孙玉文吴宏基刘健
（大连理工大学机械工程学院大连 116024）

摘要：提出了一类卷曲模型的NURBS曲面建模新方法。借助提出的截面轮廓设计技术，构造了点云数据的系列截面轮廓线，并以蒙皮操作为基础得到了能反映点云基本几何特征的基面。运用参数校正技术，给出了一种合理且比较有效的基面参数化方法，并由此用加权最小二乘算法实现了基于迭代的NURBS曲面的精确拟合。实际的算例结果验证了方法的实用性及精确性，非常适于模具型腔建模。
关键词：曲面拟合非均匀有理B样条蒙皮 CAD/CAM

RESEARCH ON THE METHOD OF ACCURATE NURBS SURFACE FITTING TO SCATTERED POINTS
Sun Yu-Wen Wu Hong-Ji Liu Jian
( Dalian University of Technology)

Abstract：A NURBS surface fitting method with tight tolerance for wrap-around models is presented. Using the sectional design technique, two primary boundaries and some interior sectional curves are extracted. Then a base surface is constructed by skinning these curves. By means of the method of base surface parameterization, an accurate and smooth fitting surface is finally implemented. The practical example demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method.
Key words: Surface fitting Non-uniform rational B-spline Skinning CAD/CAM

⊙第97篇⊙

离散算子差分法的单元函数
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注意：本论文已在《应用数学和力学》，2002，23(6)：551-557发表
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田中旭1 唐立民2 刘正兴1
（1. 上海交通大学，工程力学系，200030；2. 大连理工大学，工程力学系，116024）

摘要：本文给出了弹性力学离散算子差分法的离散格式，并给出了该方法的几个板弯曲单元和平面四边形单元，通过对它们的考察，分析了离散算子差分方法中的离散格式对单元位移函数的反映能力。在离散算子差分方法中，无论单元位移函数是否协调，其位移函数均能在离散格式中得到十分好再现，说明了离散算子差分方法的离散格式是一种性能很优良的离散格式。
关键词：离散算子差分法；单元函数；准确再现

Element Functions of Discrete Operator Difference Method

Tian Zhongxu1 Tang Limin2 Liu Zhengxing1
1. Dept. of Eng. Mechanics, Shanghai Jiaotong Univ., Shanghai 200030, China
2.Dept. of Eng. Mechanics, Dalian Univ. Of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

Abstract: the discrete scheme called discrete operator difference for differential equations is given in this paper. Several difference elements for plate bending problems and plane problems are given. by investigating which, the ability of the discrete forms expressing to the element functions is talked about. In discrete operator difference method, the displacements of the elements can be reproduced exactly in the discrete forms whether the displacements are conforming or not. According to this point, discrete operator difference method is a method with good performance.
Key words: discrete operator difference method；element function； reproduce exactly

⊙第98篇⊙

基于遗传算法的产品人机CAD研究
（下载论文全文请点击上面的链接）
注意：本论文已在《计算机工程与应用》2003,39(33):35-37,105发表
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刘肖健李桂琴景韶宇陆长德
（西北工业大学工业设计研究所西安友谊西路127号559信箱 710072）
梁艳霞
（徐州师范大学工业设计系江苏徐州 221000）

摘要：将产品形态的人机设计问题从概念设计到详细设计分为交互模式设计、关联形态设计和独立形态设计三个紧密联系的层。应用进化设计和遗传算法的基本原理，针对不同层次人机设计问题的特点分别进行具体研究，制订了相应的解决策略，分析了其编码方案与适应度函数的构造方式。最后构建了基于设计/制造一体化的人机进化设计过程原型系统。
关键词：产品设计人机工程学遗传算法 CAD

Product Ergonomics CAD Based on Genetic Algorithms
Liu Xiaojian Li Guiqin Lu Changde
Industrial Design Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University
Liang Yanxia
Industrial Design Institute,Xuzhou Teacher’s University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu

Abstract: In this paper, product’s ergonomical design process was broken down to three periods: interactivity design, dimension design and individual form design. Based on Evolutionary design theory and genetic algorithms, ergonomical design problems were studied respectively for each period with encoding techniques and fitness function construction. And the proto system of the design process based on Design-Manufacture integrity system was also introduced.
Keywords: product design, ergonomics, genetic algorithms, CAD

⊙第99篇⊙

产品复杂曲面人机工程学设计研究
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注意：本论文已在《计算机应用与研究》2004,21(12):36-38发表
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刘肖健余隋怀陆长德
（710072 西北工业大学工业设计系）

摘要：对产品形态设计中复杂曲面的人机工程学性能的设计问题进行了分析，研究了产品曲面人机性能设计的解决方案，应用遗传算法工具实现了对复杂曲面形态解方案的随机搜索以及通过程序进行自动评价与选择的机制，建立了基于Unigraphics造型平台的曲面人机设计过程机制与原型系统。
关键词：产品设计人机工程学 CAD 曲面中图分类号：TP391.72

A Study on the Ergonomics CAD of Complex Surface Design in Products

Liu Xiaojian Yu Suihuai Lu Changde
(Northwestern Polytechnical University)

Abstract: The Ergonomics design methods of complex surface design in products were analyzed in this paper. Genetic Algorithms were used to search solutions to complex surface and automatically evaluate and select the solutions. The proto-system was established on the Unigraphics platform.
Keywords: product design, ergonomics, CAD, surface, genetic algorithms

⊙第100篇⊙

基于Solidworks的人机工程学CAD二次开发
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注意：本论文已在《计算机工程与应用》2004,40(25):104-106,119发表
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刘肖健[1] 梁艳霞[2] 陆长德[1]
[1]西北工业大学工业设计系，西安710072
[2]徐州师范大学工业设计系，江苏徐州221000

A Study on the Ergonomics CAD of Complex Surface Design in Products

Liu Xiaojian Yu Suihuai Lu Changde
(Northwestern Polytechnical University)

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