松针提取物抑制柑橘青霉病菌作用及活性成分分析
注意：本论文已在《现代食品科技 》2016, 32(1):65-69发表
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杨书珍1，蒋丹丹1，范刚1，张强1，李敏1，程运江2，彭丽桃1
（1.华中农业大学食品科技学院，湖北武汉，430070）（2.华中农业大学园艺林学学院，湖北武汉，430070）
摘要：本试验研究了马尾松松针提取物对柑橘青霉病菌意大利青霉的抑制作用及其活性成分。采用孢子萌发的方法测定了马尾
松不同溶剂提取物对意大利青霉抑制作用，结果表明马尾松松针提取物的抑菌活性因提取溶剂的极性而异，其强弱顺序依次是乙酸乙酯提取物>乙醇提取物>二氯甲烷提取物>水提取物>石油醚提取物；选取乙酸乙酯提取物进行气质联用分析，发现样品中主要包括α-
蒎烯、β-蒎烯、月桂烯、β-石竹烯、莰烯、β-荜澄茄油烯等20 种化学成分。其中含量最多的α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯抑制柑橘青霉菌的活性最强，是马尾松松针抑制柑橘青霉病菌的主要活性成分；其次为月桂烯; 莰烯、罗勒烯、3-蒈烯、β-石竹烯对柑橘青霉病菌的孢子抑制作用最弱。因此，α-蒎烯和β-蒎烯作为安全、高效的熏蒸型柑橘采后抑菌剂具有进一步研究与开发的意义。
关键词：马尾松松针；柑橘青霉病菌；抑菌活性；气质联用；活性成分
Antifungal Activity against Citrus Blue Mold and its Active Constituents of Solvent Extracts from Pine Needles
YANG Shu-zhen1,JIANG Dan-dan1,FAN Gang1,ZHANG Qaing1,LI Min1,CHENG Yun-jiang2,PENG Li-tao1
(1.College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)
(2.College of Horticultural and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)
Abstract: In this experiment, antifungal activity against citrus blue mold and its active components from pine needles of Pinus
massoniana were studied. Spore germination assay was employed to determine the antifungal activities of different solvent extracts from pine
needles. The results demonstrated that ethyl acetate extracts exhibited strongest antifungal activities against Penicilium. italicum, followed by
ethanol extracts, dichloride methane extracts , petroleum ether extracts and water extracts. Twenty components were identified in the ethyl
acetate extract by GC/MS and its major components were α-pinene(28.73%), β-pinene(24.72%), β-myrcene(1.44%), β-caryophyllene(8.06%),
camphene(1.63%) and β-cubebene(4.79%). In vitro evaluation of the main components showed that α-pinene and β-pinene exhibited strong
antifungal activities against P.italicum; Followed by β-myrcene; Camphene, 3-carene and ocimene exhibited weakest inhibitory effects. These
results indicated α-pinene and β-pinene were the active components in pine needles responsible for antifungal activities against citrus blue mold.
As the safe and effective fumigant against citrus blue mold, α-pinene and β-pinene had potential to further research.
Key words: pine needles; Citrus blue mold; antifungal activity; GC/MS; active components
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